bash syntax

  Parameters    Shell parameters
  Variables     Environment variables
  Arrays        Array Variables
  Redirection   Spooling to and from files
  Pipes         Redirect the output from one command as input for another

Looping constructs:

  IF THEN ELSE Conditional Execution
  if           Conditionally perform a command
  for          Expand words, and execute commands
  until        Execute commands (until error) 
  while        Execute commands

The break and continue builtins may be used to control loop execution.

Evaluating expressions:

  Using brackets to Group and expand expressions
  Conditional expressions
  Arithmetic expressions
  Shell expansion and Pattern matching (Wildcards) 
  Escape Chars, delimiters and Quotes
  Command Substitution

Working with the bash Shell:

  vi editor     A one page reference to the vi editor
  Here docs     Here documents
  Keyboard      Cursor control - Cut & paste 
  Job Control   Suspend and resume a process
  Prompt        Prompt variable
  ###           Comment / Remark
  Scripts       Writing Shell Scripts
  BashBangSplat Pronunciation guide for unix

Note that wherever a `;' appears in the description of a command's syntax, it may be replaced with one or more newlines.

For examples of all the above see my recommended Linux books 

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Simon Sheppard
SS64.com