Redirection and Process Substitution

Both the input and output of a command may be redirected:

command  >  filename    Redirect command output into a file

command  >> filename    Redirect command output and APPEND into a file

command  <  filename    Redirect a file into a command

command | tee filename | commandB    Redirect command into filename AND CommandB

The NOCLOBBER option can prevent you from overwriting an existing file
$ set -o noclobber turns ON noclobber
$ set +o noclobber turns OFF noclobber

Redirecting Input

Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from the expansion of word to be opened for reading on file descriptor n, or the standard input (file descriptor 0) if n is not specified.

The general format for redirecting input is:

[n]<word

Redirecting Output

Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from the expansion of word to be opened for writing on file descriptor n, or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if n is not specified. If the file does not exist it is created; if it does exist it is truncated to zero size.

The general format for redirecting output is:

[n]>[|]word

If the redirection operator is `>', and the noclobber option to the set builtin has been enabled, the redirection will fail if the file whose name results from the expansion of word exists and is a regular file. If the redirection operator is `>|', or the redirection operator is `>' and the noclobber option is not enabled, the redirection is attempted even if the file named by word exists.

Appending Redirected Output

Redirection of output in this fashion causes the file whose name results from the expansion of word to be opened for appending on file descriptor n, or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if n is not specified. If the file does not exist it is created.

The general format for appending output is:

[n]>>word